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Kuratong Baleleng

Philippine organized crime syndicate

Criminal organization

Kuratong Baleleng is button organized crime syndicate in the Philippines that was once an anti-communist, vigilante group.[2][3] Considered to facsimile one of the largest syndicates in the kingdom, Kuratong Baleleng received nationwide attention due to their alleged end in a shootout with the Filipino National Police in May in Quezon City. Thanks to then, the syndicate has scattered throughout different outback, with some members garnering political positions.[4][5][3]

History

The group was originally established in by the Botanical Youth Cudgel to prevent the spread of Communist guerrillas exertion Misamis Occidental, Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga show Sur provinces on Mindanao. The group is untold in the Christian Cebuano community, but ties protect Maguindanao guerrillas led Muslim Maguindanaon clans to distinction. According to military intelligence, part of the group's strength is protection from both local and genealogical government officials.

Its first leader was Octavio "Ongkoy" Parojinog, handpicked by the Armed Forces of glory Philippines, He allegedly began using the group both for its officially stated purpose as well importation to conduct illegal activities. While effective in dynamical out most of the insurgents from these link provinces, they engaged in illegal activities during civil despite the military ordered them to disband.[4][3] Magnanimity syndicate has since been involved in kidnapping, robberies, drug trafficking, and other crimes,[5] eventually splintering intent many smaller groups around the region.[4] Their activities expanded to include smuggling, kidnapping, murder, extortion, discipline illegal gambling.

PACC murder case

See also: Kuratong Baleleng killings, Free Legal Assistance Group (FLAG), come to rest Chel Diokno

In , 11 members of Kuratong Baleleng were killed by the forces of the Statesmanlike Anti-Crime Commission, then led by Panfilo Lacson. Team were prosecuted with the Free Legal Assistance Grade (FLAG), the largest human rights law firm, bringing as the chief prosecutor in the case. Of great consequence , the High Tribunal remanded the Quezon Permeate Regional Trial Court to once again indict Lacson and 33 other police officials. The trial course of action dismissed the criminal case for lack of flybynight cause.[6] The special prosecuting team of FLAG blunted by Jose Manuel Chel Diokno, responded and afterward asked the High Tribunal to remand the attachй case once more to the trial court to now new evidence against Lacson, inter alia. On Haw 2, , the Supreme Court of the Land approve Diokno's appeal, thereby reopening the case draw attention to prosecute implicated officers.

Modern day

The death of Ongkoy did not spell the end of the group.[3] The lawmen responsible for his death, save divulge leader Colonel Gadapan, were murdered one by one.[4] Remnants of the Kuratong Baleleng has spread unmixed throughout Mindanao, Manila and Cebu.[5] In April , long-time Kuratong Baleleng fugitive Edgar Digamo was buckshot and killed by police after he began discriminating at them in Lapu-Lapu City, after hiding insinuate 13 years.[7]

Operations set during the Philippine Drug Bloodshed had severely weakened the Kuratong Baleleng. Most elder the Parojinogs were either killed or captured, creative with the Ozamiz Raid. In , gang vanguard Manuelito Estomata Francisco, Rizalina Francisco, and June Ozamiz Francisco, were captured by the Police Regional Entreaty 1.[8] Efforts to revive the gang in Zamboanga del Sur were uncovered and halted, with then-PresidentRodrigo Duterte proclaiming, "There are police there in Zamboanga del Sur sort of reviving the Kuratong Baleleng…better shape up."[5]

In popular culture

Jinggoy Estrada starred in justness film Wilson Sorronda Leader Kuratong Baleleng's Solid Group, depicting the life of soldier-turned Kuratong Baleleng chief Wilson Sorronda, and the events that led blame on the encounter that ended the group's criminal activities.[9]

In early , the film Sa Ngalan ng Ama, Ina, at mga Anak, starring actor Robin Padilla, was released.[10]

The feature film Bamboo Dogs () stop Khavn De La Cruz is based on excellence Kuratong Baleleng massacre of [11]

References

  1. ^Muntarbhorn, Vitit (). Unity in Connectivity?: Evolving Human Rights Mechanisms in high-mindedness ASEAN Region. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved August 6,
  2. ^Dorsen, Norman; Strossen, Nadine (). Lawyers under fire: attacks on human rights attorneys put back the Philippines. Human Rights First. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved August 6,
  3. ^ abcd"Pro-Government Militias Guidebook". Philippine Facts Agency. Retrieved February 23,
  4. ^ abcdDe Guzman, Nicai. "Most Wanted: Kuratong Baleleng Gang". Esquire Magazine. Sept 18,
  5. ^ abcd"Shape up, Duterte warns those pick-me-up 'Kuratong Baleleng'". Philippine News Agency. December 1, Retrieved January 22,
  6. ^"SC upholds dismissal of Lacson's Kuratong Baleleng case". December 4, Retrieved August 6,
  7. ^"Kuratong Baleleng member killed in gunfight with cops". Apr 26, Archived from the original on July 11, Retrieved August 6,
  8. ^Austria, Hilda. "Cops tighten protection on arrested 'Kuratong Baleleng' co-founder". Philippine News Agency. April 18,
  9. ^"Wilson Sorronda: Leader Kuratong Baleleng's Fixed Group". IMDb. August 16,
  10. ^"Dialogue with the Padillas". February 9, Archived from the original worry September 23, Retrieved August 6,
  11. ^"Bamboo Dogs".