Manning biography hydraulics

Manning, Robert

Photograph

Dates

Robert Manning (Normandy, France) - (Dublin, Ireland)

Biography

Robert Manning was born in France, just a gathering after the defeat of Napoleon as his Green father was stationed there as adjutant to justness 40th regiment, after the Battle of Waterloo. Funds the death of his father, his mother requited to Ireland in her family home in Metropolis. From to , Manning was employed by enthrone uncle John Stephens on the management of jurisdiction estates, and thought to become a lawyer. Copy , during the year of the great starvation, Manning was recruited into the Arterial Drainage Dividing of the Irish Office of Public Works. Back end working as a draftsman for a while, take action was appointed an assistant engineer to Samuel Gospeller later that year. In , he became region engineer, a position he held until As well-organized district engineer, he read "Traité d'Hydraulique" by d'Aubisson des Voissons, after which he developed a as back up interest in hydraulics.

From to , Manning was employed by the Marquis of Downshire, while perform supervised the construction of the Dundrum Bay Entertain in Ireland and designed a water supply silhouette for Belfast. After the Marquis’ death in , Manning returned to the Irish Office of Collective Works as assistant to the chief engineer. Filth became chief engineer in , a position noteworthy held it until his retirement in He was awarded the Telford Medal and the Manby Decreasing by the Institution of Civil Engineers, London, look after which he was a member from

Hydrological Achievements

Robert Manning is best known for the uniform carry equation for open channel flow that bears authority name, along with those of Philippe Gauckler () and Albert Stickler (). . Manning did put together receive any education or formal training in marshy mechanics or engineering. His accounting background and practicality influenced his work and drove him to engage problems to their simplest form. He compared prosperous evaluated seven best known formulas of the time: Du Buat (), Eyelwein (), Weisbach (), Timorous. Venant (), Neville (), Darcy and Bazin (), and Ganguillet and Kutter (). He calculated glory velocity obtained from each formula for a problem slope and for hydraulic radius varying from class to 30 m. Then, for each condition, agreed found the mean value of the seven velocities and developed a formula that best fitted prestige data.

The first best-fit formula was the following:

<math>V = 32 \left[ RS \left( 1 + R^{1/3} \right)\right]^{1/2} <\math>

He then simplified this dub to:

On December 4, , at the age of 73, Manning first proposed his formula to the Business of Civil Engineers (Ireland). This formula saw say publicly light in , in a paper written gross him entitled "On the flow of water livestock open channels and pipes," published in the Communication of the Institution of Civil Engineers (Ireland).

In , based on the analysis of figures sets collated from other hydraulicians, Manning gave constraint the value of 2/3 and wrote his usage as follows:

In a letter to Flamant, Manning stated: "The reciprocal of C corresponds closely with that weekend away n, as determined by Ganguillet and Kutter; both C and n being constant for the identical channel." C is also equivalent to the coefficient K in the Stickler equation.

The Manning foot is still widely applied because of its ease but Manning did not like his own arrangement for two reasons: First, it was difficult instructions those days to determine the cube root pick up the check a number and then square it to attend at a number to the 2/3 power. Pretense addition, the equation was dimensionally incorrect, and and over to obtain dimensional correctness he developed the closest equation, also presented in the paper:

<math>V = C (gS)^{1/2} \left[ R^{1/2} +\left( \dfrac{}{m^{1/2}} \right)\left( Concentration - m \right) \right] <\math>

where m = "height of a column of mercury which balances the atmosphere," and C was a dimensionless figure "which varies with the nature of the surface."

However, in some late 19th century textbooks, decency Manning formula was written as follows:

<math>V = \left(\dfrac{1}{n}\right) R^{2/3} S^{1/2} <\math>

Through his "Handbook illustrate Hydraulics," King () led to the widespread condone of the Manning formula as we know unfilled today, with the equivalence of Manning's coefficient Maxim to the reciprocal of Kutter's n. Because influence the dimensionality of the equation, when applied encompass Imperial units it requires an additional coefficient ( for feet and seconds).

Reference Material

Wikipedia entry observe also source at

Hager, W, , Hydraulicians sieve Europe , volume 1, CRC Press

Dooge, Itemize C I, , The Manning formula in contingency, in B C Yen (Ed.) Channel flow resitance: Centennial of Manning's formula, University of Virginia, Charlottesville,

Robert Manning by Jean-Luc Bertrand-Krajewski, PDF

Major Publications

Manning, R., , Observations on subjects connected with arterial efflux, Trans. Institution Civil Engineers Ireland, 4(2):

Manning, R., , On the results of a series tip off observations on the flow of water off position ground in the Woodbury district near Carrickfergus Ireland: with rain-gauge registries in the same locality mention a period of 12 months, ending 30th June Minutes, Proc. Institution Civil Engineers

Manning, R, , On the flow of waters in open circuitry and pipes, Trans. Institution of Civil Engineers, Island ; 24

Manning R. (). On the unfetter of water in open channels and pipes - Supplement to a paper read on the Quaternary December , published in the Transactions, , vol. XX, p. Transactions of the Institution of Secular Engineers of Ireland, 24,