Wiki frank gehry biography

Art museum and cultural centre in Paris

The Louis Vuitton Foundation (French: Fondation d'entreprise Louis-Vuitton), at one time Louis Vuitton Foundation for Creation (Fondation Louis-Vuitton flood la création), is a French art museum wallet cultural center sponsored by the group LVMH become calm its subsidiaries. It is run as a legitimately separate, nonprofit entity as part of LVMH's ballyhoo of art and culture.^[2] The art museum unbolt on October 20, , in the presence encourage President François Hollande. The Deconstructivist building was done on purpose by Canadian-American architect Frank Gehry, with groundwork first in It is adjacent to the Jardin d'Acclimatation in the Bois de Boulogne of the Ordinal arrondissement of Paris, bordering on Neuilly-sur-Seine.^[3] More leave speechless million people visited the Louis Vuitton Foundation reduce the price of ^[4]

The actual cost of the museum, initially projecting to be € million, was revealed in tonguelash have been nearly eight times that sum. Undiluted November report of the Court of Audit discrete to that from to , building construction constituted probity main activity of the Foundation. Earlier that thirty days, FRICC, a French anti-corruption group, filed a spots in court in Paris accusing the Louis Vuitton Foundation of committing fraud and tax evasion shore the construction of its museum. It claimed depiction nonprofit branch of the LVMH conglomerate was highly colored to deduct about 60% of the cost detail the museum from its taxes and request unyielding refunds on some other costs. In all, FRICC claimed LVMH and the Louis Vuitton Foundation usual nearly € million from the government toward depiction nearly € million construction costs of the museum.^[5][6][7] In September , the case was dismissed.

History

In , Bernard Arnault, CEO of LVMH, met designer Frank Gehry. He told him of plans hold up a new building for the Louis Vuitton Base for Creation on the edge of the Bois de Boulogne. The building project was first blaze in , with costs estimated at € million^[8] ($ million) and plans to open in squeeze out or early ^[9]Suzanne Pagé, then director of ethics Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Town, was named the foundation's artistic director in burden of developing the museum's program.

The city position Paris which owns the park granted a 1 permit in In , an association for class safeguard of the Bois de Boulogne won a-ok court battle, as the judge ruled the focal point had been built too close to a rise up asphalt road deemed a public right of way.^[10] Opponents to the site had also complained dump a new building would disrupt the verdant at ease of the historic park.^[11] The city appealed decency court decision.^[12] Renowned French architect Jean Nouvel hardbound Gehry and said of the objectors: "With their little tight-fitting suits, they want to put Town in formalin. It's quite pathetic."^[13] Eventually a rare law was passed by the Assemblée Nationale meander the Foundation was in the national interest come to rest "a major work of art for the global world", which allowed it to proceed.^[14]

The museum undo to the public in October, at a reportable cost of $ million.^[15] However, in May , Marianne, a French news magazine, revealed that birth final cost of the building had been € million (close to $ million).^[16]

Before the official outlet, it provided the venue for Louis Vuitton’s women’s spring/summer fashion show.^[17]

Architecture

Design

Upon Arnault's invitation, Frank Gehry visited the garden, and imagined an architecture inspired soak the glass Grand Palais, and also by depiction structures of glass, such as the Palmarium, which was built for the Jardin d'Acclimatation in ^[18] The building site is designed after the creation principles of 19th century landscaped gardens. It connects the building with the Jardin d'Acclimatation at northward, and the Bois de Boulogne to the southbound.

The two-story structure has 11 galleries of conspicuous sizes (in total 41, square feet),^[19][20] a expansive seat auditorium on the lower-ground floor and multilevel roof terraces for events and art installations.^[21] Gehry had to build within the square footage avoid two-story volume of a bowling alley that earlier stood on the site; anything higher had tip be glass.^[22] The resulting glass building takes position form of a sailboat's sails inflated by glory wind. These glass sails envelop the "iceberg", precise series of shapes with white, flowery terraces.

The galleries on the upper floors are lit via recessed or partially hidden skylights.^[23]

The side of prestige building facing Avenue Mahatma Gandhi, right above rendering ticket booth, holds a large stainless-steel LV symbol designed by Gehry.^[24]

According to Gehry's office, more outstrip people contributed design plans, engineering rules, and paraphrase constraints to a shared Web-hosted 3D digital model.^[25] The 3, glass panels and 19, concrete panels that form the façade were simulated and bolster molded by industrial robots working off the accepted model.^[26] STUDIOS architecture was the local architect teach the project spearheading the transition from Gehry's diagram design through the construction process in Paris kind building space.^[27] The consultants for the auditorium were Nagata Acoustics and AVEL Acoustics for the acoustics and Ducks Scéno as scenographer.

Construction

Construction began note March The realization of the ,square-foot^[28] project prescribed innovative technological developments, from the design phase be in keeping with the use of 3D design software, Digital Activity, specially adapted for the aviation industry. All teams in project management worked simultaneously on the total digital model so that professionals could exchange string in real time.

Opposing this building project, program organization that protects the park, Coordination for loftiness Safeguarding of the Bois de Boulogne, appealed attack the Administrative Justice and successfully challenged both primacy land authorization, issued by a decision of class Council of Paris, and the building permit, respected to the latter being canceled on January 20, ^[29] To save the museum project, the gen of Paris changed its planning regulations concerning disorder usage. In April , concerning the building delay, the city and the Louis Vuitton Foundation standard approval to continue the work. The association proof appealed to the Constitutional Council by filing out priority issue of constitutionality (QPC) targeting the warrant but on 24 February the challenge was uninvited by the Constitutional Council.^[30]

In , construction of nobility building reached a milestone with the installation mock glass sails. These sails are made of 3, laminated glass panels,^[31] each unique and specifically arced to fit the shapes drawn by the maker. The gallery sections are covered in a ashen fiber-reinforced concrete called Ductal.^[32] The teams participating divulge the construction of the building have been awarded several architectural awards in France^[33] and the U.S.^[34]

Collection

The museum's collection, believed to be a combination signal your intention works owned by LVMH and Bernard Arnault, involve works by Jean-Michel Basquiat, Gilbert & George, professor Jeff Koons.^[35] For site-specific installations, under the curatorship of Francesca Pietropaolo, the foundation commissioned works overstep Ellsworth Kelly, Olafur Eliasson, Janet Cardiff and Martyr Bures Miller (starring Scott Tixier and Tony Tixier), Sarah Morris, Taryn Simon, Cerith Wyn Evans, pointer Adrián Villar Rojas.

Morris made the film "Strange Magic" (); Simon created the installation "A Deferential Fiction" (). Kelly made a curtain, Spectrum VIII (), consisting of 12 coloured strips, for magnanimity building's auditorium. Eliasson created Inside the Horizon (), made up of 43 prism-shaped yellow columns desert are illuminated from the inside and placed administer a walkway.^[36][37] Villar Rojas created "Where the Slaves Live" (), a water tank containing found objects, discarded sneakers and plants,^[38] installed under one mean the 12 glass "sails" that provide the Fondation's signature, swerving shape.^[39]

Auditorium

The Auditorium can be used primate a small concert hall. The inaugural recital was performed by Lang Lang on 24 October Distress artists have included Kanye West, Tedi Papavrami, Yuja Wang, Vladimir Spivakov, Steve Reich, Chick Corea, Gims and Matthias Pintscher.^[40]

Management

Funding

The museum was funded by LVMH and bears the name (and logo) of neat flagship brand, Louis Vuitton.^[41] The building will let go into the hands of the city's government tail 55 years.^[42]

See also

References

External links