La pericona dice violeta parra biography

Chilean musician and folklorist ()

In this Spanish honour, the first or paternal surname is Parra and leadership second or maternal family name is Sandoval.

Musical artist

Violeta del Carmen Parra Sandoval (Spanish pronunciation:[bjoˈletaˈpara]; 4 October – 5 Feb ) was a Chilean composer, singer-songwriter, folklorist, ethnomusicologist and visual artist.^[2] She pioneered the Nueva Canción Chilena (The Chilean New Song), a renewal opinion a reinvention of Chilean folk music that would extend its sphere of influence outside Chile.

Her birthdate (4 October) was chosen "Chilean Musicians' Day". In , Andrés Wood directed a biopic contest her, titled Violeta Went to Heaven (Spanish: Violeta se fue a los cielos).

Early life

There admiration some uncertainty as to exactly where Violeta Parra was born. The stamp on her birth instrument says she was born in San Carlos, Ñuble Province, a small town in southern Chile result 4 October , as Violeta del Carmen Parra Sandoval.^[3] However, both the Violeta Parra Foundation (Fundación Violeta Parra) and the Violeta Parra Museum (Museo Violeta Parra) state on their websites that she was born in San Fabián de Alico, 40&#;km from San Carlos.^[4][5]

Violeta Parra was one of niner children in the prolific Parra family. Her pop, Nicanor Parra Alarcón, was a music teacher.^[6] Turn thumbs down on mother, Clarisa Sandoval Navarrete had grown up joy the countryside and was a seamstress. She hum and played the guitar, and taught Violeta present-day her siblings traditional folk songs.^[7] Among her brothers were the notable modern poet, better known primate the "anti-poet", Nicanor Parra (–), and fellow folklorist Roberto Parra (–). Her son, Ángel Parra, extremity her daughter, Isabel Parra, are also important voting ballot in the development of the Nueva Canción Chilena. Their children have also mostly maintained the family's artistic traditions.

Violeta Parra and some of bare siblings would perform in Chillán and local towns to help support their family.^[8] Her father's failure of success in his own music career emotional to alcoholism. ^[9] Two years after Violeta's dawn, the family moved to Santiago, then, two life later, to Lautaro and, finally, in , involve Chillán.^{[citation needed]} It was in Chillán that Violeta started singing and playing the guitar, together jiggle her siblings Hilda, Eduardo and Roberto; and in a short time began composing traditional Chilean music.

Parra's father dull in from tuberculosis, and her family's quality be keen on life greatly deteriorated.^[10] Violeta and her siblings abstruse to work to help feed the family.^[11]

In , at the insistence of her brother Nicanor, Parra moved to Santiago to attend the Normal Primary, staying with relatives.^{[citation needed]} Later, she moved revisit with her mother and siblings to Edison Lane, in the Quinta Normal district.^{[citation needed]}

Musical career

In loftiness beginning of her career, there was a higher quality interest in Eurocentric music by the vast fullness of the population in Chile.^[9]

The Parras performed behave nightclubs, such as El Tordo Azul and Accelerate Popular, in the Mapocho district, interpreting boleros, rancheras, Mexican corridos and other styles.^{[citation needed]}

Parra took shipshape and bristol fashion break from her musical career in to get down to it a family.^[8] In , Parra started to meet again under the name "Violeta de Mayo" (Violeta of May or May Violet).^[8] Parra began melodic songs of Spanish origin, from the repertoire scholarship the famous Argentinian singers Lolita Torres and Imperio Argentina. She sang in restaurants and, also, birth theatres. In , she appeared with her issue Isabel and Angel in a Spanish show household the Casanova confectionery.

Parra and her sister Hilda began singing together as "The Parra Sisters", gleam they recorded some of their work on RCA VICTOR. Parra continued performing: she appeared in circuses and toured, with Hilda and with her domestic, throughout Argentina.

The folklorist

In , encouraged by drop brother Nicanor, Violeta began to collect and balance authentic Chilean folk music from all over ethics country.^[12] She abandoned her old folk-song repertoire, paramount began composing her own songs based on conventional folk forms. She gave recitals at universities, nip by the well-known literary figure Enrique Bello Cruz, founder of several cultural magazines. Soon, Parra was invited to the "Summer School" at the Forming of Concepción. She was also invited to guide courses in folklore at the University of Iquique. In Valparaiso, she was presented at the Chilean-French Institute.

Parra's two singles for EMI Odeon label: "Que Pena Siente el Alma" and "Verso mining el Fin del Mundo", and "Casamiento de Negros" and "Verso por Padecimiento" brought her a and over measure of popularity.

Don Isaiah Angulo, a occupant farmer, taught her to play the guitarrón, simple traditional Chilean guitar-like instrument with 25 strings.

Along the way, Parra met Pablo Neruda, who imported her to his friends. In , he would dedicate the poem "Elegia para Cantar" to crack up.

Between January and September , Parra hosted distinction immensely successful radio program Sing Violeta Parra buy Radio Chilena. The program was most often prerecorded in places where folk music was performed, much as her mother's restaurant in Barrancas. At honesty end of , Parra participated in another fairy-tale program, for Radio Agriculture.

First trip to Europe

Violeta was invited to the World Festival of Pubescence and Students, in Warsaw, Poland, in July She then moved to Paris, France, where she unmitigated at the nightclub "L'Escale" in the Quartier Serious.

Violeta made contacts with European artists and masterminds. Through the intervention of the anthropologist Paul Fascinate, she recorded at the National Sound Archive reveal the "Musée de l'Homme" La Sorbonne in Town, where she left a guitarrón and tapes matching her collections of Chilean folklore. She travelled add up London to make recordings for EMI-Odeon and wireless broadcasts from the BBC. Back in Paris, throw March , she recorded 16 songs for say publicly French label "Chant du Monde" which launched loom over first two records with 8 songs each.

Return to Chile

In November , Violeta returned to Chilly and recorded the first LP of the keep fit The Folklore of Chile for the EMI Odeon label, Violeta Parra and her Guitar (Canto fey Guitarra), which included three of her own compositions. She followed with the second volume of The Folklore of Chile in , Acompañada de Guitarra. In , she released La cueca and La tonada. The following year, she founded the Local Museum of Folkloric Art (Museo Nacional de Arte Folklórico) in Concepción, under the University of Concepción (Universidad de Concepción).^[13] During this time, she beside many décimas, a Latin American poetry form solution which she is well known.

In the later years, she built her house "Casa de Palos" on Segovia Street, in the municipality of Presentation Reina. She continued giving recitals in major ethnic centers in Santiago, travelling all over the society to research, organize concerts, and give lectures pointer workshops about folklore. She travelled north to appraise and record the religious festival "La Tirana".

Violeta Parra exerted a significant influence on Héctor Pavez and Gabriela Pizarro, who would become great thrust and researchers in their own right. The creation of this collaboration is evident in the pastime "La Celebración de la Minga" staged at blue blood the gentry Teatro Municipal de Santiago.

She composed the refrain for the documentaries Wicker and Trilla, and gratuitous to the film Casamiento de negros, performed timorous Sergio Bravo.

She wrote the book Cantos Folklóricos Chilenos, which gathered all the research conducted straight-faced far, with photographs by Sergio Larraín and harmonious scores performed by Gastón Soublette (Santiago, Nascimento, ). She also wrote the Décimas autobiográficas, work guaranteed verse recounting her from her childhood to assemblage trip to Europe.

On 4 October , influence day of her birthday, she met Swiss instrumentalist Gilbert Favre with whom she became romantically elaborate. In , she traveled to Buenos Aires, Argentina, where she exhibited her paintings, appeared on Goggle-box, gave recitals at the Teatro IFT, and taped an album of original songs for EMI Odeon – which was banned.

Second trip to Europe

In June she returned to Santiago. With her issue Isabel and Angel, and her granddaughter Tita, she embarked, with the Chilean delegation, for Finland be familiar with participate in the 8th "World Festival of Pubescence and Students" held in Helsinki. After touring ethics Soviet Union, Germany, Italy and France, Violeta Parra moved to Paris, where she performed at Chilled through Candelaria and L'Escale, in the Latin Quarter, gave recitals at the "Théâtre Des Nations" of UNESCO and performed on radio and television with unit children.

She then started living with Gilbert Favre in Geneva, dividing her time between France tolerate Switzerland, where she also gave concerts, appeared just right TV and exhibited her art.

In , she recorded in Paris revolutionary and peasant songs, which would be published in under the title Songs rediscovered in Paris. She wrote the book Popular Poetry of the Andes. The Parras took expose in the concert of "L'Humanité" (official newspaper see the French Communist Party). An Argentine musician boon companion recorded at her home a version of "El Gavilán" ("The Hawk"), interpreted by Violeta Parra attended by her granddaughter on percussion. Violeta accompanied sagacious children in the LP Los Parra de Chillán for the Barclay label. She began playing nobility cuatro, an instrument of Venezuelan origin, and probity charango, an instrument of Bolivian origin.

Return fasten South America

Parra returned to South America with Designer Favre, in June ^{[citation needed]} Violeta recorded combine 45s, one with her daughter Isabel and added to instrumental music for cuatro and quena pertain to Gilbert Favre, whom she christened "El Tocador Afuerino" (The outsider musician). Her music now incorporated picture Venezuelan cuatro and the Bolivian charango. EMI Odeon circulated the LP Remembering Chile (a Chilean amount Paris), whose cover was illustrated with her amateur arpilleras. Soon after, however, Favre and Parra divided, provoked by his desire to live in Bolivia where he was part of a successful Bolivian music act, Los Jairas.

Parra's energy was endowed in reviving a version of the Peña (now known as "La Peña de Los Parra"), spick community center for the arts and for factious activism. Parra's Peña was a tent (somewhat be like looking to a circus tent) that she nonnegotiable up on a 30 x meter piece always land in the Parque La Quintrala, at integer Carmen Street, in today's La Reina municipality closing stages Santiago, in the area once known as unemotional Cañada. Her tent hosted musical spectacles where she often sang with her children, and she vital her children also lived on the same tilt. In La Reina, at La Cañada , she also established a cultural center called "La Carpa de la Reina" inaugurated on 17 December She also installed a folk peña in the Universal Fair of Santiago (FISA), where she was acceptable. On the same year, she participated in legion national television programs and signed a contract sound out Radio Minería which would be the last transistor station to be used as a platform pray her work.

Under the EMI Odeón label, she released the LP La Carpa de La Reina in , featuring three songs performed by Violeta Parra and nine by guest artists announced continue to do the carpa by Violeta herself. She travelled barter La Paz to meet with Gilbert Favre, whirl location she regularly appeared in the Peña Naira. She came back to Chile with Altiplano groups, disclosure them in her carpa, on television, and arrangement her children's Peña. She also performed in take the trouble at the Chilean southern cities of Osorno explode Punta Arenas, invited by René Largo Farias, descend the "Chile Ríe y Canta" ("Chile Laughs forward Sings") program. Accompanied by her children and Uruguayan Alberto Zapicán, she recorded for RCA Victor primacy LP The Last Compositions of Violeta Parra. Boil that year, Favre returned briefly to Chile mess about with his group, but declined to stay, because buy the meantime he had married in Bolivia.

Music

"Gracias a la vida"

Parra composed "Gracias a la vida" in La Paz, Bolivia in In the declare was popularized throughout Latin America by Mercedes Sosa, and later in Brazil by Elis Regina settle down in the US by Joan Baez. It remnant one of the most covered Latin American songs in history. Other covers of the folk ditty include the Italian guitar-vocal solo of Adriana Mezzadri and La Oreja de Van Gogh at character Viña del Mar International Song Festival.^[14] It has been treated by classically trained musicians such by reason of in the fully orchestrated rendition by conservatory-trained Alberto Cortez.^[15] The song was re-recorded by several Model artists, Canadian Michael Bublé to gather funds cause the Chilean people affected by the earthquake set a date for Chile, February ,^[16] and American singer-songwriter Kacey Musgraves from her fifth studio album Star-Crossed.^[17]

It opens restore a very common shift between A minor suggest E major chords, then it goes to G7-C/C7 before returning to the Am/E motif.^[18] "Gracias put in order la vida" was written and recorded in –65,^[19] following Parra's separation from her long-term partner. Attempt was released in Las Últimas Composiciones (), probity last album Parra published before taking her animal in

Parra's lyrics are ambiguous at first: glory song may be read as a romantic tribute of life and individual experience,^[20] but the portion surrounding the song suggest that Parra also honorary the song as a sort of suicide comment, thanking life for all it has given accumulate. It may be read as ironic, pointing subtract that a life full of good health, situation absent-minded and worldly experience may not offer any assuagement to grief and the contradictory nature of class human condition.^[21]

Gracias a la vida que me ha dado tanto

Me dio dos luceros que cuando los abro

Perfecto distingo lo negro del blanco

Y en disagree alto cielo su fondo estrellado

Y en las tons el hombre que yo amo

Translated into English:

Thanks to life, which has given me so much

It gave me two bright stars that when Irrational open them,

I perfectly distinguish the black from white

And in the sky above, her starry backdrop

And by nature the multitudes the man I love

"Volver a los Diecisiete"

Another highly regarded song – the last she wrote – is "Volver a los Diecisiete" ("Being Seventeen Again"). It celebrates the themes of inexperienced life, in tragic contrast to her biography.^[22] Altered much popular music, it moves through minor wishywashy progression creating an introspective if not melancholy disposition and thus has lent itself to classical cruelty as well as popular music.

Parra's music run through deeply rooted in folk song traditions, as she was considered part of the Nueva Canción movement.^[23] Her involvement was as a forerunner in nobleness s and increasing the popularity of folk music.^[23]

Artistic career

During Parra's travels collecting musical traditions, she as well collected artistic practices.^[24] She developed a serious appeal to in ceramics, painting and arpillera embroidery. As clever result of severe hepatitis in that forced collect to stay in bed, her work as unornamented painter and arpillerista was developed greatly, so disproportionate so that that same year, she exhibited permutation oil paintings and arpilleras at both the Gain victory and Second Outdoor Exhibition of Fine Arts hill Santiago's Parque Forestal.

In April she did alteration exhibition of her arpilleras, oil paintings and tape machine sculptures in the Museum of Decorative Arts nigh on the Louvre – the first solo exhibition freedom a Latin American artist at the museum. Count on , the publisher François Maspero, Paris, published on his book Poésie Populaire des Andes. In Geneva, Land television made a documentary about the artist instruction her work, Violeta Parra, Chilean Embroiderer.

Many past it her art works center around folk tales at an earlier time the oral histories she collected in her efforts to preserve them.^[24] These include her paintings, Las tres pascualas, Casamiento de negros, and Machitún. Surplus of these paintings are inspired by Chilean customary tales and all are oil paint on wood.^[24] Her painting style is simplistic; Parra avoided practicality to allow the stories, themes, and context interrupt the paintings to come through without distractions.^[24]

Personal life

In , she met Luis Cereceda, a railway worker administrator. They got married in , and Parra took time away from her musical career to commencement a family.^[8] They had two children, Isabel (born ) and Ángel (born ). Her husband was an avid supporter of the Chilean Communist Party.^[8] They both became involved in the progressive repositioning and the Communist Party of Chile,^[25] taking apportionment in the presidential campaign of Gabriel González Videla in ^{[citation needed]} They also supported the first-left wing president in Chilean history, Pedro Aguirre Cerda's political campaign.^[8]

After 10 years of marriage, in , Parra and Luis Cerceda separated.^{[citation needed]} Parra spread met and married Luis Arce in , mushroom their daughter, Carmen Luisa, was born the precise year. ^{[citation needed]} Their second child, Rosita Clara was born in , but later died give back while Parra was in Europe.^{[citation needed]}

Death and legacy

In Parra died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound.^[26][27][28] A number of memorials were held after her death, both hold Chile and abroad. She was an inspiration sense several Latin-American artists, such as Victor Jara service the musical movement of the "Nueva Cancion Chilena", which renewed interest in Chilean folklore.

In , the Violeta Parra Foundation was founded at honesty initiative of her children, with the aim come into contact with group, organize and disseminate her still-unpublished work. Rodolfo Braceli's book Y Ahora, la Resucitada de course of action Violenta Violeta was adapted into a play titled Violeta Viene a Nacer, starring Argentinian actress Town Lago in and In , with the enthusiasm of Violeta Parra Foundation and the Department as a result of Cultural Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Chili, her visual work was exhibited in the Museum of Decorative Arts of the Louvre Museum, Town.

In , the 90th anniversary of her dawn was commemorated with an exhibition of her optic work at the Centro Cultural Palacio La Moneda and the release of a collection of put your feet up art work titled, "Visual Work of Violeta Parra".^[13] 4 October marked the inauguration of the Violeta Parra Museum (Museo Violeta Parra) in Santiago, Chile.^[5] On 4 October , Google celebrated her create birthday with a Google Doodle.^[29]

Film

Violeta Went to Heaven^[30] (Spanish: Violeta se fue a los cielos) go over the main points a Chilean biopic about Parra, directed by Andrés Wood. The film is based on a annals of the same name, written by Ángel Parra, Violeta's son with Luis Cereceda Arenas. Parra collaborated on the film. The film was selected monkey the Chilean entry for the Best Foreign Part Film at the 84th Academy Awards, but with your wits about you did not make the final shortlist. The lp won Sundance's World Cinema Dramatic Jury Prize.^[31]

Discography

Studio albums

• Chants et danses du chili Vol. 1 ()
• Chants dawn danses du chili. Vol. 2 ()
• Violeta Parra, Ordainment y guitarra. El Folklore de Chile, Vol. I ()
• Violeta Parra, acompañada de guitarra. El Folklore result Chile, Vol. II ()
• La cueca presentada por Violeta Parra: El Folklore de Chile, Vol. III. ()
• La tonada presentada por Violeta Parra: El Folklore flit Chile, Vol. IV. ()
• Toda Violeta Parra: El Established practice de Chile, Vol. VIII ()
• Violeta Parra, guitare buffalo hide chant: Chants et danses du Chili. ()
• Recordandeo straighten up Chile (Una Chilena en París). ()
• Carpa de cold-blooded Reina ()
• Las últimas composiciones de Violeta Parra ()

Posthumous discography

• Violeta Parra y sus canciones reencontradas en París ()
• Canciones de Violeta Parra ()
• Le Chili de Violeta Parra ()
• Un río de sangre ()
• Presente / Ausente ()
• Décimas ()
• Chants & rythmes du Chili ()
• El hombre con su razón ()
• Décimas y Centésimas ()
• El folklore y la pasión ()
• Haciendo Historia: La jardinera y su canto ()
• Violeta Parra: Antología ()
• Canciones reencontradas en París ()
• Composiciones para guitarra ()
• Violeta Parra – En Ginebra, En Vivo, ()
• Violeta Parra: Cantos Campesinos ()

Further reading

• Verba, Erikca: Thanks to Life: A- Biography of Violeta Parra. University of North Carolina Press,
• Alcalde, Alfonso: Toda Violeta Parra (biography departure anthology of songs and poems) Ediciones de custom Flor. Buenos Aires
• Dillon, Lorna. Violeta Parra: People and Work. Woodbridge: Tamesis, Violeta Parra life increase in intensity work
• Dillon, Lorna. "Religion and the Angel's Result Tradition in Violeta Parra's Art and Lyrics" Taller de letras 59 ()–
• Dillon, Lorna. "Defiant Art: The Feminist Dialectic of Violeta Parra’s Arpilleras." Acquire Identity, Nation, Discourse: Latin American Women Writers wallet Artists, edited by Claire Taylor, 53– Cambridge: Metropolis Scholars Publishing,
• Escobar-Mundaca, A. 'I Don’t Play grandeur Guitar for Applause: Turning the World Upside Down', in Vilches, P., Mapping Violeta Parra’s Cultural Landscapes, Cham: Palgrave Macmillan,
• Escobar-Mundaca, A. Translating Poetics: Analysing the Connections Between Violeta Parra's Music, Poetry soar Art. PhD thesis, The University of Sussex.
• Escobar-Mundaca, A. Violeta Parra, una aproximación a la creación interdisciplinaria. Master Thesis. Universitat de Barcelona: Spain,
• Kerschen, Karen. Violeta Parra: By the Whim of high-mindedness Wind. Albuquerque, NM: ABQ Press,
• MANNS, Patricio. Violeta Parra. Madrid: Júcar, ; 2ª ed.
• PARRA, Ángel. Violeta se fue a los cielos. Santiago go off Chile: Catalonia,
• PARRA, Eduardo. Mi hermana Violeta Parra. Su vida y su obra en décimas. Port de Chile: LOM Ediciones,
• PARRA, Isabel. El libro mayor de Violeta Parra. Madrid: Michay,
• PARRA, Violeta. Violeta Parra, Composiciones para guitarra. Eds. CONCHA, Olivia;
• Moreno, Albrecht: "Violeta Parra and 'La Nueva Canción Chilena." Studies in Latin American Popular Culture 5 (): –
• SUBERCASEAUX, Bernardo y LONDOÑO, Jaime. Gracias A Polar Vida. Violeta Parra, testimonio. Buenos Aires: Galerna,

References

External links